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Richard Allen Young (born March 12, 1954) is an American geneticist, a Member of Whitehead Institute, and a professor of biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a pioneer in the systems biology of gene control who has developed genomics technologies and concepts key to understanding gene control in human health and disease. He has served as an advisor to the World Health Organization, the National Institutes of Health, and numerous scientific societies and journals.〔 He was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences〔 and Scientific American has recognized him as one of the top 50 leaders in science, technology and business. ==Research== Young has made major contributions to the understanding of gene control in human development. He discovered that a small set of human embryonic stem cell master transcription factors form a core regulatory circuitry that controls the gene expression program of these cells. This model provided a foundation for the reprogramming experiments of Shinya Yamanaka and is referenced in his original 2006 cellular reprogramming paper. This concept of core regulatory circuitry now helps guide efforts to understand transcriptional control and to develop reprogramming protocols for other human cell types and to understand how gene dysregulation contributes to disease. In addition, Young has introduced the premise of transcriptional amplification, where control of elongation is an important component of gene regulation. According to Young, some regulators, including the oncogene and transcription factor c-MYC, amplify gene expression by enhancing transcription elongation of wide swaths of active genes. Young’s work has also redefined how the structure of DNA and its associated proteins can be envisaged. His research has described super-enhancers that regulate the most prominent genes in cell identity and insulated neighborhoods—large DNA loops that serve to maintain proper expression of genes within and outside of the loop. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard A. Young」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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